Exercise: Tricky Questions

Questions for: Tricky Questions

What is the output of the following Python code? 
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
result = x[-2:-1]
print(result)
A:
[4]
B:
[5]
C:
[3, 4]
D:
[4, 5]
Answer: A
Slicing with indices -2:-1 returns a list containing the element at index -2 (counting from the end).
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What will be the output of the following Python code? 
class Parent:
    def __init__(self, x):
        self.x = x

class Child(Parent):
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        super().__init__(x)
        self.y = y

obj = Child(10, 20)
result = obj.x + obj.y
print(result)
A:
30
B:
20
C:
This code will result in an error.
D:
10
Answer: A
The child class Child initializes both x and y, and the result is the sum of these attributes.
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What is the output of the following Python code? 
def func(x, y=[]):
    y.append(x)
    return y

result1 = func(1)
result2 = func(2)

print(result1 + result2)
A:
[1, 2]
B:
[1, 2, 1, 2]
C:
[1, 2, 2]
D:
[1, 2, 1, 2, 2]
Answer: B
The code defines a function called func that takes two parameters: x and y. The default value for y is an empty list [].
Inside the func function, the value of x is appended to the list y using the append() method. Then, the modified y list is returned.
In the code, result1 is assigned the result of calling func(1). Since y is not provided as an argument, it uses the default value of []. Therefore, result1 is [1].
Similarly, result2 is assigned the result of calling func(2). Again, y is not provided as an argument, so it uses the default value of []. However, since the default value is a mutable object (a list), it retains its state from previous function calls. Therefore, result2 is [1, 2].
When result1 + result2 is evaluated, it concatenates the two lists, resulting in [1, 2, 1, 2].
Finally, [1, 2, 1, 2] is printed to the console as the output of the code.
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Consider the following Python code: 
class CustomClass:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.__value = value

    def get_value(self):
        return self.__value

obj = CustomClass(42)
result = obj.get_value()
print(result)
What will be the value of result?
A:
42
B:
This code will result in an error.
C:
0
D:
None
Answer: A
The private attribute __value is accessed through the public method get_value.
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What will be the output of the following Python code? 
def func(x):
    x += 1
    return x

x = 5
result = func(x)
print(x, result)
A:
5 6
B:
6 6
C:
5 5
D:
This code will result in an error.
Answer: A
The function modifies its local copy of x, and the global x remains unchanged.
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