The rails get out of their original positions due to insufficient expansion gap. This phenomenon is known

On B.G. tracks the distance of outer signal from station limit is kept

If D is the distance between the parallel sidings and α is the angle of crossing, the distance between the noses of crossing measured parallel to the main track, is

On Broad Gauge main lines with maximum traffic loads, the rail section preferred to, is

Bending of rail ends due to loose packing under a joint and loose fish Bolts, is known