Exercise: Polymorphism

Questions for: Polymorphism

Consider the following code: 
class MusicInstrument:
    def play(self):
        return "Playing music instrument"

class Guitar(MusicInstrument):
    def play(self):
        return "Strumming the guitar"

class Piano(MusicInstrument):
    def play(self):
        return "Playing the piano"
What concept is demonstrated in this code?
A:
Method overloading
B:
Method overriding
C:
Operator overloading
D:
Polymorphism
Answer: B
This code demonstrates method overriding, where the subclasses provide specific implementations for a method defined in the superclass.
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In Python, what is the purpose of the __len__() method in the context of polymorphism?
A:
To define class attributes
B:
To customize the behavior when an instance is checked for equality using the == operator
C:
To customize the behavior when the len() function is called on an instance
D:
To create a new instance of the class
Answer: C
The __len__() method is used to customize the behavior when the len() function is called on an instance of the class, allowing for polymorphic behavior.
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Consider the following Python code: 
class Bird:
    def fly(self):
        return "Bird flying"

class Penguin(Bird):
    def fly(self):
        return "Penguin can't fly"
    
def display_flying_ability(bird):
    return bird.fly()

bird = Bird()
penguin = Penguin()

print(display_flying_ability(bird))
print(display_flying_ability(penguin))
A:
Bird flying\nPenguin can't fly
B:
Penguin can't fly\nBird flying
C:
Bird flying\nBird flying
D:
Penguin can't fly\nPenguin can't fly
Answer: B
The display_flying_ability() function demonstrates polymorphism, accepting both Bird and Penguin instances and producing different outputs based on their specific implementations of the fly() method.
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What is the output of the following Python code? 
class Car:
    def start(self):
        return "Car starting"

class ElectricCar(Car):
    def start(self):
        return "Electric car starting"

def drive(car):
    return car.start()

car = Car()
electric_car = ElectricCar()

print(drive(car))
print(drive(electric_car))
A:
Car starting\nCar starting
B:
Electric car starting\nElectric car starting
C:
Car starting\nElectric car starting
D:
Electric car starting\nCar starting
Answer: C
The drive() function demonstrates polymorphism, accepting both Car and ElectricCar instances and producing different outputs based on their specific implementations of the start() method.
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What does the following Python code demonstrate? 
class Animal:
    def speak(self):
        pass

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return "Woof!"

class Cat(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return "Meow!"

def pet_sound(animal):
    return animal.speak()

dog = Dog()
cat = Cat()

print(pet_sound(dog))
print(pet_sound(cat))
A:
Method overloading
B:
Method overriding
C:
Operator overloading
D:
Polymorphism
Answer: D
The pet_sound() function demonstrates polymorphism as it can accept different types of animals (instances of Dog and Cat) and produce different sounds based on their specific implementations.
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